LEILET LEH KHAWKHENG

 Kumin 2005 hi kan ruahtui dawn dan in a zir chiah loh avangin Leileta buh chingtuten buaina kan tawk mek a. Chu kan buaina chu leileta kan lei leh sa kawia, buh phunna khawp ruahtui July thla tawp lam thlenga kan la dawn loh vang a ni ber. Hetiang hi kan ruahtui dawn dan anih avang hian Zoram puma leilet nei tam berin harsatna kan tawk mek a ni. Buh chin tum lo tan erawh chuan harsatna tham niin a lang hrih lova, thingtlang lova buh chingtute tan pawh harsatna khawp a la ni chiah lovang.

 Hetiang hun hi kan lo hre zauh zauh tawh mai thei a, kan la tawng zeuh zeuh mai thei bawk. Tunah hian district hrang hrang Bawrhsapte leh Agriculture Department chuan hetiang harsatna kan tawh dante hi an ngaihven mek a. Chuvangin hetiang hun leilet neituten kan hmachhawn thiam theih nan hetiang hian in zir dawn teh ang.

1.  THAR RANG CHIN :

  A changin ruahtui kan dawng tlai a, a changin a kang hma lutuk a. Hetiang hun hmachawn tur hian buh thar rang tak tak (Super fast Variety) chin tur a awm a, chutiang ho chu kan ngaihtuah thin a tha (Eg. Heera, Kalinga III, Annada). Tun ang hun nilo, favang lam buh vuih lai emaw, a par lai emaw, a in hampuar chhoh lai hi buhin tui a mamawh tam lai a ni a, hetiang chhova khawkheng leh ruahtui kang thut hmachhawn thei turin buh tharrang chin a tha. Thingtlang lovah pawh a dik thei hle ang. Super fast variety anih kher loh pawhin thar rang (early variety) thar hlawk bawk si (HYV, hybrid) chu kan ching ngei tur a ni.

2.  BUH CHI KÛI :

 Tun ang ruahtui tlak chham avanga harsatna kan tawh changte, ruahtui tam luat avanga harsatna kan tawh thinte hi kan hre fo mai thei. Kan buh chi kûisate phun tlak lohvin a lo upa lutuk emaw, a thi zo hman emaw tui lianin a tichhia emaw a ni thei. Hmanhmawh taka buh chi kûi leh chuk chuk a ngai anih chuan Dapog method an tih hi hman tur a ni.

 Dapog Method-a buh chi kûi chu ni 12 ah a phun theih mai. Japan leh Philippines-ah te a lar em em. Hetianga buh chi kûi dan chu cement chhuatah emaw, thingphel chungah emaw, thelretpuan leh changel hnah phah chungah emaw buh chi chiah uinghosa kha rual takin an chap darh a, thelretpuan (Polythene) in an khuh leh thin. Sq. metre khatah buh chi Kg 1½ kûi ila a tawk. Buh chi kûisa chu an ti hnawng reng a, a tir ni 3 chhung chu thingphel hmangin emaw rual takin nikhatah vawi 2 vawi 3 an nem bek thin, chu chu buh chiin rual taka tui an hip theih nana tih a ni. Buh tiak inches 1 asang/sei a nihin tui pante a chim tir tur a ni.

  Ni 12 a lo tlinin a zung pawh a lo sei tawhin an lo in zam pawlh nuaih a, chu chu a thler zawnga thlerin an tela phun mai turin buh hmunah an la sawn mai thin. Buh chi kûisa Sq. m 1 a zau chu Sq metre 200 a phun tawk a ni. Hetia buh chi kûi hi phun zawh velah a nung zui mai a, buh chi kûi dan pangngaia kûite aiin ni 4 velin a par hma zawk a sawi a ni. Amaherawhchu, buh chi kûi dan pangngai aiin a let 2½ in buh chi a ngai tam a, a tiak a la tet em avangin tui tlingah a phun theih loh bawk.

3.  BUH PHUN :

 Rokhawlhna avangin duh hunah buh a phun theih loh fova. Buh chi upa tak phun a ngaih chang a awm fo. Thar tlaiah chuan phun loh ngawt aiin ni 80 a upa pawh phun mai tur, bi khatah 5-6 te phung thung ila tih a ni. Hei hi thi then tur leh peng hman tawh lo tur hisapa tih a ni.

 A tlangpui thuin a pen thlengin buh hian ni 20 a duh a, a buh a zirin ni 5 velin a peng hma emaw a peng tlai zawk emaw a ni thei. Tin, a tiah atanga ni 25 leh 55 inkar hi a pen hun chhung a ni leh a, a vuipu tur leh hlawk deuh chu ni 35 chhunga pengte hi an ni. Tin, hemi hnu ni 30 chhung zawng hi “reproductive phase” an ti a; chu chu a vuih leh a par hun chhung a ni. Ni 30 chhung vel bawk a hmin hun atan a duh leh a. Hei hi ni 135 chhunga thar thei buh hisapa chhut a ni. A thar ran leh thar tlai dan a zirin buh chi phun sawn hun a danglam thin. Chuvangin hetiang deuh hian kal ila atha.

Ni 120 a thar chu ni 25 a upa a niha phunsawn tur.

Ni 135 a thar chu ni 32 a upa a niha phunsawn tur.

Ni 150 a thar chu ni 35 a upa a niha phunsawn tur.

 Buh thar rang zual Heera, Kalinga III leh Annada te hi chu ni 15 vel a nihin phun sawn ngei ngei tur a ni.

 Buh thar ran lam kan sawi hian chi kuanga a awm lai chhut tel vek a ni. A hma lama phun sawn hun kan sawi bakah kan hriat tur chu buh chiin hnah 4 emaw 5 emaw a neihin phun sawn a hun tlangpui bawk. Phun sawn tlai hian a peng a tlem a, a vui thuai bawk si a, a thar tlem phah thin.

 Tunlai hian hlawhfa mante a lo san tak avangin buh phun sawn tura chin kher hi a buaithlakna chin a lo awm ta bawk a. Hmun hrang hrangah chuan Scientist ten enchhinnaa an hmuh angin uluk taka hlo thlawh a, tha taka enkawl chuan phun sawn lova buh chin hi phun sawna chin nen a hlawk lam a inang reng an ti. Kan sawi tawh angin phun sawn lohva buh chin tih chu buh chi thlakna hmanrua leilehnaa vuaha buh chi thlak mai te, buh chi uingho sa leilet buatsaih saa theh mai te a ni.

4.  THILDANG :

  Ruah vantla leh fur ruahtui tam huna tuihna lo pun hi kan innghahna a ni ber a. Irrigation Project awmna a tui nei reng theite chuan harsatna an tawk ve kher lovang. Tlai deuh hleka tui kan nei ta anih pawhin kan sawi takte kha zui theih a ni.

 Amaherawhchu buh chin loh phahnan kan hmang dawn a nih chuan ruahmanna dang fel taka siam a ngai tihna a ni. Hengte hi chhinchhiah leh ila :

 1)  Buh kan ching lo mai dawn a nih chuan Vaimim te, Moong te chin mai tur. Englai pawha chin theih an ni. Moong hi dailuah chikhat kan dal sen (masur) aia manto, chinnuam, kumtluana chin theih, nuai fai loh pawha bête eia ei mai theih a ni. Vaimim pawh hi bazarah hralh a tla em em a, a ro nuai sain Vety Department in an lei duh reng bawk. Thlai chin nuam tak bawk a ni.

 2) Tui harsat vang emaw, khawkhen avanga thlai dang kan chin theih loh lai hian behliang hi an ching thin. He dailuah pawh hi kan dailuah sen aia to leh mi duh zawk a ni. Mizoramah hian kan la intihhmuh lo mai mai a ni. A kawm no ei hi kan tih dan a ni mai. Arhar dal an tih, lar tak hi a ni.

3)  Thil dang sawi tur pawh a la tam, amaherawhchu, tun tumah chuan a tawpna atan, kum tina kan leilette kan enkawl thin anih chuan kumin chuan fur chhung chu engmah ching lovin han dah tui (fallow) ila, thlasik ah thlasik thlai chawhmeh chi hrang hrang leh hriak nei thlai chin nan kan hmang leh mai ang chu.

Source : Lalthanzuala
MSc.(Ag) ,Agro, PG Dip.Agmark
Thlai chin dan
Department of Agriculture (Crop Husbandry)
Mizoram
Page No : 177- 179
First Edition-2011